These drugs are available as eye drops and are administered topically. Some commonly used miotic drugs include pilocarpine, carbachol, and echothiophate iodide. They are used in the treatment of conditions such as glaucoma, where the constriction of the pupil helps to improve the outflow of aqueous humor and reduce intraocular pressure. Miotics have several therapeutic applications in ophthalmology. This action is mediated by the parasympathetic nervous system. Miotics, on the other hand, work by stimulating the muscarinic receptors in the iris sphincter muscle, leading to its contraction and constriction of the pupil. These medications are available in various formulations such as eye drops and ointments. Some commonly used mydriatic drugs include tropicamide, phenylephrine, and cyclopentolate. They are also used in the treatment of certain eye conditions such as uveitis, iritis, and ciliary spasm. These drops can be used for a number of things, including diagnosis of pupil abnormalities (e.g., Adie’s tonic pupil) and treatment of ocular hypertension, acute angle closure, dry eye and post-surgical glare. Mydriatics are primarily used in ophthalmic examinations to dilate the pupil, allowing for a better view of the internal structures of the eye. By inhibiting the parasympathetic nervous system, mydriatics prevent the constriction of the pupil. Mydriatics act by blocking the muscarinic receptors in the iris sphincter muscle, which leads to relaxation and dilation of the pupil. These drugs work by affecting the smooth muscles of the iris and altering the response to the autonomic nervous system. Mydriatics are drugs that dilate the pupil, while miotics constrict it. The pupillary size is controlled by the iris muscles, and the balance between the dilator and constrictor muscles determines the size of the pupil. Comparison between Mydriatics and Miotics.SCROLL DOWN TO THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE FOR ACTUAL NOTES. In this article, we will provide an overview of mydriatics and miotics, their mechanisms of action, therapeutic uses, and important considerations in their usage. They play a crucial role in diagnosing and treating various eye conditions. Mydriatics and miotics are two classes of drugs that affect the pupillary size and are widely used in ophthalmology.
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